The Sperm-FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) test is a genetic test designed to detect chromosomal abnormalities in sperm cells. Some of the chromosomal anomalies that can lead to pregnancy loss and congenital abnormalities occur as 'de novo' mutations during sperm production. These anomalies can manifest as sperm carrying an extra chromosome (trisomy), missing a chromosome (monosomy), or containing an additional set of chromosomes (diploidy).
The Sperm-FISH test is specifically employed to identify these types of chromosomal deviations. It uses two sets of probes targeting chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y to determine the rate of aneuploidy—an abnormal number of chromosomes in sperm.
The Sperm-FISH test is especially beneficial for cases of unexplained infertility, recurrent miscarriages, and failed IVF attempts. By measuring aneuploidy in sperm, it provides essential insights that can enhance treatment plans and improve the success of assisted reproductive techniques. High aneuploidy rates detected by the test offer valuable guidance for Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) and embryo selection, increasing the chances of a healthy pregnancy.